In the expression \( 2 \times 5 + 7(3 + 12) \), the number \( 7 \) is being multiplied by the result of \( (3 + 12) \), which is a term in the expression.
In this context, \( 7 \) is part of a product because it is multiplied by \( (3 + 12) \). Therefore, the correct description of \( 7 \) in the given expression is:
product.