The artist can paint 3 pet portraits a day. If the art fair lasts 14 days, we can calculate the total number of pet portraits the artist can paint by multiplying the number of portraits painted per day by the number of days:
\[ \text{Total portraits} = \text{portraits per day} \times \text{number of days} = 3 \times 14 = 42 \]
Thus, the artist can paint 42 pet portraits during the 14-day art fair.