Question
Suppose it is known that approximately 7 percent of adults who take a certain medication will experience side effects. Which of the following simulations could model the number of individuals who will experience side effects if the medication is given to 390 adults?
answer choices:
a coin simulation, with heads indicating that side effects will be present
a number cube simulation with a six-sided number cube, where rolling a 3 indicates that side effects will be present
a random number chart simulation with 100 numbers, where drawing a 23 indicates that side effects will be present
a spinner simulation with 14 equally spaced sections, with section 2 indicating that side effects will be present
answer choices:
a coin simulation, with heads indicating that side effects will be present
a number cube simulation with a six-sided number cube, where rolling a 3 indicates that side effects will be present
a random number chart simulation with 100 numbers, where drawing a 23 indicates that side effects will be present
a spinner simulation with 14 equally spaced sections, with section 2 indicating that side effects will be present
Answers
GPT-4o mini
To determine which simulation best models the probability of adults experiencing side effects from the medication (7% or 0.07), let's assess each of the provided options:
1. **A coin simulation, with heads indicating that side effects will be present**: This simulation does not work because a coin only has two outcomes (heads or tails), which leads to a probability of 50% for each outcome. This does not reflect the 7% chance of experiencing side effects.
2. **A number cube simulation with a six-sided number cube, where rolling a 3 indicates that side effects will be present**: Rolling a single number cube has a 1 in 6 chance (approximately 16.67%) of rolling any specific number, which does not match the 7% side effect probability.
3. **A random number chart simulation with 100 numbers, where drawing a 23 indicates that side effects will be present**: In this case, drawing a number from 1 to 100 gives a total of 1 in 100 chance (1%) for each specific number. This is too low compared to the required 7%.
4. **A spinner simulation with 14 equally spaced sections, with section 2 indicating that side effects will be present**: If the spinner has 14 equally spaced sections, the probability of landing on section 2 is 1 in 14, which is approximately 7.14%. This is very close to the desired probability of 7%.
Therefore, the best simulation to model the number of individuals who will experience side effects if the medication is given to 390 adults is:
**A spinner simulation with 14 equally spaced sections, with section 2 indicating that side effects will be present.**
1. **A coin simulation, with heads indicating that side effects will be present**: This simulation does not work because a coin only has two outcomes (heads or tails), which leads to a probability of 50% for each outcome. This does not reflect the 7% chance of experiencing side effects.
2. **A number cube simulation with a six-sided number cube, where rolling a 3 indicates that side effects will be present**: Rolling a single number cube has a 1 in 6 chance (approximately 16.67%) of rolling any specific number, which does not match the 7% side effect probability.
3. **A random number chart simulation with 100 numbers, where drawing a 23 indicates that side effects will be present**: In this case, drawing a number from 1 to 100 gives a total of 1 in 100 chance (1%) for each specific number. This is too low compared to the required 7%.
4. **A spinner simulation with 14 equally spaced sections, with section 2 indicating that side effects will be present**: If the spinner has 14 equally spaced sections, the probability of landing on section 2 is 1 in 14, which is approximately 7.14%. This is very close to the desired probability of 7%.
Therefore, the best simulation to model the number of individuals who will experience side effects if the medication is given to 390 adults is:
**A spinner simulation with 14 equally spaced sections, with section 2 indicating that side effects will be present.**