To determine which number from the set \({2, 3, 4}\) makes the equation \(36 \div X = 12\) true, we can substitute each number into the equation and see if it holds true.
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Substituting \(X = 2\): \[ 36 \div 2 = 18 \quad \text{(not true, since 18 does not equal 12)} \]
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Substituting \(X = 3\): \[ 36 \div 3 = 12 \quad \text{(true)} \]
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Substituting \(X = 4\): \[ 36 \div 4 = 9 \quad \text{(not true, since 9 does not equal 12)} \]
The only number from the set \({2, 3, 4}\) that makes the equation \(36 \div X = 12\) true is \( \boxed{3} \).