The function \( y = 20x + 50 \) models the weekly income of an employee based on the number of hours worked \( x \). Since the employee is not allowed to work overtime or over 40 hours per week, the variable \( x \) (the number of hours worked) must be between 0 and 40, inclusive.
Therefore, we can express the domain of this function in interval notation as:
\[ [0, 40] \]
This means that the employee can work anywhere from 0 hours up to a maximum of 40 hours.