To find the cost of 5 gallons of gas using a proportion, we can set it up as follows:
\[ \frac{15}{45} = \frac{5}{x} \]
This means that for every 15 gallons costing $45, we can find the cost \(x\) for 5 gallons.
Therefore, the correct fraction notation for the proportion is:
\(\frac{15}{45} = \frac{5}{x}\)