Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijra, took place in 622 CE and was primarily motivated by escalating persecution and hostility towards him and his followers in Mecca. After years of facing opposition from the Quraysh tribe and other Meccan leaders due to his teachings about monotheism and social justice, the situation became increasingly dangerous for the growing Muslim community.
Medina, known as Yathrib before the arrival of Muhammad, was an oasis city with a diverse population, including several Jewish tribes and Arab tribes. The inhabitants of Medina had heard of Muhammad's teachings and had invited him to come to their city, seeking guidance and support in establishing a new community based on Islamic principles.
The Hijra not only provided safety for Muhammad and his followers but also marked the beginning of a new phase in the formation of the Muslim community, as it allowed them to establish a political and social order based on Islamic teachings. This migration is also considered a significant turning point in Islamic history and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
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