In an area where large deposits of a desired mineral are found, the two correct answers are:
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The area will experience a short-term economic boom - The discovery of valuable mineral deposits often leads to increased investment, job creation, and economic activity in the short term as companies begin mining operations and related services grow.
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The area will experience a downturn once all the available resources are mined - After the initial boom and extraction of resources, the economy can suffer a downturn due to the depletion of the mineral, which can lead to job losses and reduced economic activity.
The other options (long-term job security and population decrease in the short term) are less likely to be true. Typically, areas may not have long-term job security in mining once resources are depleted, and while it is possible for population decreases to occur over time, the initial response to a new industry is often population growth as people move in for jobs.