Sure! Here are simplified answers:
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Ethnicity vs. Race: Ethnicity is about culture, language, and traditions (like being Hispanic or Irish), while race is about physical traits (like skin color).
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Peninsulares vs. Creoles: Peninsulares were Spanish people born in Spain living in the colonies, while Creoles were Spanish descendants born in the colonies.
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Apartheid: Apartheid was a system in South Africa that separated people by race. It made life unfair for non-white people and created a lot of conflict and inequality.
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Ethnic Conclave: An ethnic conclave is a neighborhood where people from the same ethnic group live together (like Little Italy in NYC or Chinatown).
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Globalization: Globalization is when countries and people become more connected through trade, culture, and technology. For example, fast food chains are everywhere now.
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McDonaldization: McDonaldization is when the principles of fast food (like efficiency and predictability) spread to other areas of life, making things more uniform and less personal.
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Brand Localization: Brand localization means adapting a product or brand to fit local culture and tastes. Like how McDonald's serves rice in Asia!