Here are the possible changes to matter for each statement:
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2 bumper cars collide and move away from each other
- Change: The momentum is transferred from one bumper car to the other, resulting in a change in motion. There may be minor deformations on the bumpers.
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Exhaust from rocket fuel as a spaceship leaves the ground
- Change: Chemical reactions occur in the rocket fuel, converting the matter into gases (exhaust) as it expels energy to propel the spaceship. This represents a change in the state and composition of the matter.
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2 swings on the playground hit each other and one swing moves away
- Change: Energy is transferred between the swings, resulting in a change in motion for one of the swings.
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A baseball player hits a ball and the bat shatters
- Change: The impact causes the bat to break, changing its physical structure, while the kinetic energy from the bat is transferred to the ball, causing it to move.