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Mercutio says “vile submission” (3.1.43) because
I know this because the text also says

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GPT-4o mini
In Act 3, Scene 1 of Shakespeare's **Romeo and Juliet**, Mercutio uses the phrase "vile submission" to criticize Romeo's unwillingness to fight Tybalt. This reflects Mercutio's disdain for what he perceives as cowardice or a lack of honor in Romeo's decision to avoid conflict, particularly after Tybalt insults him and tries to provoke Romeo.

Mercutio believes that a man should stand up for his honor and defend himself, and he views Romeo's pacifism as a betrayal of this principle. The context surrounding this phrase includes Mercutio's frustration with Romeo's refusal to engage in the duel, demonstrating how deeply Mercutio values honor and reputation in a masculine context.

To further support this interpretation, you can look at how Mercutio’s subsequent actions lead to his own tragic fate, as his desire to uphold honor ultimately leads him to fight Tybalt in Romeo's stead, resulting in his own death. This extent to which he values honor over life serves to highlight the themes of masculinity, honor, and the consequences of feuds in the play.

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