The event that most directly occurred as a result of the rise of the middle class or bourgeoisie is the French Revolution. The bourgeoisie, which consisted of the educated middle class including merchants, industrialists, and professionals, grew in power and influence during the 18th century. They sought political representation and greater rights, challenging the established social order and the privileges of the aristocracy and the monarchy. The frustrations and aspirations of the bourgeoisie played a significant role in igniting the revolution, leading to profound social and political changes in France.
While the other events listed—such as the American Revolution, Industrial Revolution, and migration from rural to urban areas—were also influenced by the rise of the middle class, the French Revolution is a more direct outcome of their growing political and social power.