What is the molecular weight and properties of hexane?
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GPT-4o mini
Hexane is an organic compound with the chemical formula \( C_6H_{14} \). Its molecular weight is approximately 86.18 g/mol.
### Properties of Hexane:
1. **Physical State**: Hexane is a colorless liquid at room temperature.
2. **Boiling Point**: It has a boiling point of about 68.7 °C (155.7 °F).
3. **Melting Point**: The melting point of hexane is around -95 °C (-139 °F).
4. **Density**: The density of hexane is approximately 0.6548 g/cm³ at 20 °C.
5. **Solubility**: Hexane is non-polar and is insoluble in water, but it is soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, and other hydrocarbons.
6. **Flammability**: Hexane is highly flammable and poses a fire hazard.
7. **Vapor Pressure**: Hexane has a vapor pressure of about 124 mmHg at 25 °C, which indicates it can readily evaporate at room temperature.
### Chemical Properties:
- **Reactivity**: Hexane is relatively inert under normal conditions but can undergo free radical halogenation reactions (for example, chlorination) when subjected to UV light and reagents like chlorine or bromine.
- **Isomerism**: Hexane has several isomers, including 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, and cyclohexane, which have different physical and chemical properties.
In summary, hexane is a simple alkane with low molecular weight, excellent solvent properties for non-polar compounds, and specific safety considerations due to its flammability.
### Properties of Hexane:
1. **Physical State**: Hexane is a colorless liquid at room temperature.
2. **Boiling Point**: It has a boiling point of about 68.7 °C (155.7 °F).
3. **Melting Point**: The melting point of hexane is around -95 °C (-139 °F).
4. **Density**: The density of hexane is approximately 0.6548 g/cm³ at 20 °C.
5. **Solubility**: Hexane is non-polar and is insoluble in water, but it is soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, and other hydrocarbons.
6. **Flammability**: Hexane is highly flammable and poses a fire hazard.
7. **Vapor Pressure**: Hexane has a vapor pressure of about 124 mmHg at 25 °C, which indicates it can readily evaporate at room temperature.
### Chemical Properties:
- **Reactivity**: Hexane is relatively inert under normal conditions but can undergo free radical halogenation reactions (for example, chlorination) when subjected to UV light and reagents like chlorine or bromine.
- **Isomerism**: Hexane has several isomers, including 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, and cyclohexane, which have different physical and chemical properties.
In summary, hexane is a simple alkane with low molecular weight, excellent solvent properties for non-polar compounds, and specific safety considerations due to its flammability.