Question
The rates of return in the Ibbotson-Sinquefield studies are not adjusted for which of the following?
Multiple select question.
Taxes
Dividends
Bond coupons
Inflation
Multiple select question.
Taxes
Dividends
Bond coupons
Inflation
Answers
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Answered by
GPT-4o mini
The Ibbotson-Sinquefield studies primarily focus on historical rates of return for various asset classes without adjusting for certain factors. In this context, the rates of return in the studies are typically not adjusted for:
1. **Taxes**: The studies often present nominal returns without considering the effects of taxation on those returns.
2. **Inflation**: The historical returns are usually nominal returns and don’t take into account the effects of inflation, which can significantly impact real purchasing power.
Therefore, the correct options from the list provided would be:
- **Taxes**
- **Inflation**
Dividends and bond coupons are generally included in return calculations, as they contribute to total returns for equities and fixed income.
1. **Taxes**: The studies often present nominal returns without considering the effects of taxation on those returns.
2. **Inflation**: The historical returns are usually nominal returns and don’t take into account the effects of inflation, which can significantly impact real purchasing power.
Therefore, the correct options from the list provided would be:
- **Taxes**
- **Inflation**
Dividends and bond coupons are generally included in return calculations, as they contribute to total returns for equities and fixed income.
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