Use the image to answer the question.

An illustration shows three coiled wire springs stretched to varying lengths. The first spring does not have any weights pulling it downward, and the length of the spring is marked as a question mark inches. The second spring has a 2-pound weight attached to the bottom, and its length is marked as 12 inches. The third spring has a 5-pound weight attached to the bottom and its length is marked as 18 inches.

A spring has a length of 12 inches when a 2-pound weight is attached, and a length of 18 inches when a 5-pound weight is attached. Use rate of change to find the length of the spring when no weights are attached.

1 answer

To find the length of the spring when no weights are attached, we can determine the rate of change in length with respect to the weight added.

  1. Calculate the change in length per pound of weight:

    • The length of the spring goes from 12 inches (with a 2-pound weight) to 18 inches (with a 5-pound weight).
    • The change in length: \(18 \text{ inches} - 12 \text{ inches} = 6 \text{ inches}\)
    • The change in weight: \(5 \text{ pounds} - 2 \text{ pounds} = 3 \text{ pounds}\)
    • Rate of change in length per pound: \[ \text{Rate} = \frac{6 \text{ inches}}{3 \text{ pounds}} = 2 \text{ inches per pound} \]
  2. Use the rate of change to determine the length of the spring with 0 pounds attached:

    • When a 2-pound weight is applied, the spring stretches to 12 inches.
    • The spring stretches an additional 2 inches for each additional pound. Since 2 pounds weight is applied, the additional stretch is: \[ 2 \text{ pounds} \times 2 \text{ inches per pound} = 4 \text{ inches} \]
    • Therefore, the original (unstretched) length of the spring (when no weights are attached) can be found by subtracting this additional stretch from the length at 2 pounds: \[ \text{Original length} = 12 \text{ inches} - 4 \text{ inches} = 8 \text{ inches} \]

Thus, the length of the spring when no weights are attached is 8 inches.