In the photosynthesis reaction, 6 carbon atoms combine. The overall equation for photosynthesis can be summarized as:
\[ 6 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{C}6\text{H}{12}\text{O}_6 + 6 \text{O}_2 \]
Here, 6 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO₂) combine to form one molecule of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), which contains 6 carbon atoms. Therefore, the correct response is 6.