Let the original price of the basketball be \( P \). According to the problem, Juan received a 40% discount on the original price, which means he paid 60% of the original price.
The equation for the amount Juan paid can be set up as follows:
\[ 0.6P = 36 \]
To find the original price \( P \), divide both sides of the equation by 0.6:
\[ P = \frac{36}{0.6} \]
Calculating the right side:
\[ P = 60 \]
Therefore, the original price of the basketball was \( \boxed{60} \).