To ensure that Joe's sample of 10,000 adults is representative and avoids bias, he would need to consider the population distribution of the U.S. across the 50 states. However, assuming that he wants to take an equal number of participants from each state for simplicity, he would divide the total sample size by the number of states.
Here's how to calculate it:
- Total sample size = 10,000 adults
- Number of states = 50
Now, divide the total number of adults by the number of states:
\[ \frac{10,000 \text{ adults}}{50 \text{ states}} = 200 \text{ adults per state} \]
Thus, Joe should randomly choose 200 adults from each state to achieve a sample of 10,000 adults while maintaining equal representation.