To complete the square for the polynomial \( y^2 - 10y \), we want to turn it into the form \( (y - a)^2 \).
- Start with the coefficient of the linear term, which is \(-10\).
- Divide this coefficient by 2: \( \frac{-10}{2} = -5 \).
- Square the result: \( (-5)^2 = 25 \).
Now, we can rewrite the polynomial as:
\[ y^2 - 10y + 25 \]
The expression \( y^2 - 10y + 25 \) is a perfect square:
\[ (y - 5)^2 \]
Thus, the number that completes the square is 25.