The correct answer is A. increased in size by more than a third.
During James K. Polk's presidency, the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) led to the U.S. acquiring a significant amount of territory, including present-day California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico, which resulted in a substantial increase in the country's size. The resolution of the Oregon boundary dispute with Britain also contributed to this expansion, though to a lesser extent. Overall, the territorial gains during Polk's presidency resulted in a significant increase in the land area of the United States.