Question

Describe two forms of government in Africa or two forms in the Middle East. (put your response in paragraph form). List two images to support each form of government

Answer 1

In Africa, one prominent form of government is the presidential system, exemplified by countries such as Nigeria. In this system, the president is both the head of state and the head of government, elected by the citizens for a fixed term. The Nigerian government features a bicameral legislature, including a Senate and a House of Representatives, which plays a crucial role in the enactment of laws and oversight of the executive. However, this system has faced challenges such as political corruption and ethnic tensions, which can complicate democratic processes. Images to support this form of government might include the Nigerian Presidential Palace (Aso Rock) and an image of the Nigerian National Assembly building.

Another form of government in Africa is the parliamentary system, as seen in countries like South Africa. Here, the head of government is the Prime Minister, who is typically elected by the majority party in the legislature, the Parliament. The President of South Africa serves mainly as a ceremonial figurehead. This system usually promotes a higher degree of coalition politics and allows for a wide array of political parties to participate in governance, reflecting the country's diverse population. Supporting images for this form of government could depict the Parliament of South Africa in Cape Town and a portrait of the President of South Africa during a State of the Nation Address.

In the Middle East, one notable form of government is the absolute monarchy, exemplified by Saudi Arabia. In this system, the king holds vast power, exerting control over all branches of government and often ruling without a formal constitution. The king’s decisions are frequently influenced by a council of advisors and royal family members, but the ultimate authority lies with the monarch. This system provides stability but has faced criticism for human rights practices and lack of democratic reform. To illustrate this form of government, images might include the King Abdulaziz Palace and a picture of the Saudi royal family during a public event.

Contrastively, the Islamic republic system is another form of government seen in countries like Iran. In this case, the government is based on Islamic law (Sharia) with a Supreme Leader holding significant religious and political authority. The Supreme Leader oversees key functions of the state and has the final say on major decisions. Meanwhile, there is also an elected president and parliament, but their powers are limited under the constitution. This form of government is distinct in how it blends religious authority with political power. To support this system, images could include the Azadi Tower in Tehran and an image of the Iranian Supreme Leader addressing the nation.