When air reaches 100% relative humidity, it means that the air is holding as much moisture (water vapor) as it possibly can at that temperature. Here’s what happens in simpler terms:
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Saturation: At 100% relative humidity, the air is saturated with moisture. This means it cannot hold any more water vapor without some of it condensing into liquid water.
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Condensation: If the temperature drops or if more moisture enters the air (like from evaporating water), the excess water vapor will start to condense. This is why you might see droplets of water forming on surfaces—like dew on grass in the morning.
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Clouds and Fog: When the air becomes saturated, it can lead to the formation of clouds or fog. The tiny water droplets in clouds or fog are formed from the condensation of water vapor in the air.
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Feeling Sticky: When the humidity is high (close to 100%), it often feels uncomfortable or sticky outside because our bodies have a harder time cooling down through sweat. The sweat doesn’t evaporate as efficiently in humid air.
In summary, when air hits 100% relative humidity, it becomes saturated and may lead to condensation, resulting in dew, fog, or rain!
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