Several New Deal policies and programs directly impacted labor unions and their ability to organize and advocate for workers' rights. Key initiatives include:
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National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) of 1933: This act aimed to stimulate industrial recovery and promote fair competition. It recognized the right of workers to organize and bargain collectively, thereby encouraging union membership.
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Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act) of 1935: This act significantly strengthened labor unions by guaranteeing employees the right to organize, form unions, and engage in collective bargaining. It also established the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to oversee union elections and investigate unfair labor practices.
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Public Works Administration (PWA): While not solely a labor policy, the PWA funded large public works projects, which created numerous jobs. The labor-intensive nature of these projects often led to increased unionization among workers on these projects.
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Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC): This program employed young men in environmental projects. While CCC participants were not unionized, the act influenced labor relations by demonstrating the government's role in job creation.
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Social Security Act of 1935: Although primarily focused on providing social insurance, the creation of social safety nets contributed to the overall empowerment of the working class, which was favorable to labor unions.
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Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938: This act established minimum wage and overtime pay standards, improving working conditions and giving more leverage to labor unions in negotiating contracts.
These policies collectively aimed to bolster workers' rights and promote fair labor standards, facilitating the growth and influence of labor unions during the New Deal era.