You have been tasked with the responsibility of installing a LAN network for a new division in your organisation. Identify the LAN topology that you can use to ensure efficient use of network resources. (5)

Answer 1

When selecting a LAN topology for a new division in your organization, consider the following options along with their advantages to ensure efficient use of network resources:

1. Star Topology:

   • In a star topology, all devices are connected to a central hub or switch. This configuration is popular because it allows for easy management, scalability, and troubleshooting.
   • Advantages:
     • If one device fails, it does not affect the rest of the network.
     • Easy to add new devices without disruption.
     • Centralized control simplifies monitoring and management.

2. Switching (Layer 2 Switching):

   • Using layer 2 switches in a star topology instead of a hub can enhance performance. Switches intelligently forward data only to the destination device, reducing unnecessary traffic.
   • Advantages:
     • Better bandwidth utilization than hubs.
     • Reduced collisions and increased overall network speed.

3. Mesh Topology (Partial Mesh):

   • In a mesh topology, each device is connected to multiple other devices, allowing for multiple paths for data to travel. A partial mesh configuration, where only key devices are interconnected, can be more practical.
   • Advantages:
     • Provides redundancy; if one connection fails, data can take an alternate route.
     • Greater reliability and robustness.

4. Hierarchical or Tree Topology:

   • This topology is an extension of the star topology, where multiple star networks are interconnected. It is structured like a tree with a root node and various branches.
   • Advantages:
     • Scalable and suitable for larger networks.
     • Allows for organized routing of data and load balancing across branches.

5. Use of VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks):

   • Regardless of the physical topology, implementing VLANs can create logical groupings of devices, improving network efficiency and security.
   • Advantages:
     • Reduces broadcast domains and network congestion.
     • Enhances security by isolating traffic within VLANs.

Conclusion: For a new division, a combination of star topology using switches, potentially supplemented by VLANs, would likely provide the most efficient and manageable network resources. This setup would facilitate easy expansion, maintenance flexibility, and adequate redundancy to ensure reliability.