The collapse of the Mycenaean civilization is attributed to multiple factors, with evidence suggesting that a combination of earthquakes and civil war, economic collapse, and migration played significant roles.
-
Earthquakes: Archaeological evidence indicates that natural disasters, such as earthquakes, may have caused destruction to Mycenaean cities and infrastructures.
-
Civil War: Internal strife and possibly social unrest could have weakened the political structure and stability of the Mycenaean society, leading to fragmentation and collapse.
-
Economic Collapse: There is evidence of a significant decline in trade and economic activity, which contributed to the overall weakening of the civilization.
-
Migration: Influx or movement of populations, potentially due to pressure from invasions or seeking better resources, might have further destabilized existing social structures.
While the Trojan War is a well-known event associated with the Mycenaeans, its historical existence and direct impact on the civilization's collapse are debated among scholars.
In summary, the most fitting answer among the provided options is earthquakes and civil war, although the long-term collapse can also be attributed to a combination of factors including economic decline and migration.