W.E.B. Du Bois made several important contributions to the Black community. Based on the options you provided, the correct contributions are:
- He was instrumental in forming the NAACP.
- He wrote The Souls of Black Folk, which focused on the conditions of blacks.
Du Bois was not a former slave; he was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, and was one of the first African Americans to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard University. While he did advocate for civil rights and might have indirectly contributed to legal actions regarding constitutional rights, he did not personally sue the U.S. government based on violations of the Fourteenth Amendment.