The function \( f(x) = \log_5(x + 7) \) represents a transformation of the parent function \( f(x) = \log_5(x) \).
In this case, the transformation involves replacing \( x \) with \( x + 7 \). This results in a horizontal shift of the function. Specifically, \( f(x) = \log_5(x + 7) \) indicates that the graph of the parent function \( f(x) = \log_5(x) \) will be shifted left by 7 units.
Therefore, the correct identification of the transformation is:
horizontal shift left 7 units.