Question

Thabo is an intern at a company specialising in computer networking systems. His team has been given a new project to plan and implement the LAN network for a top auditing firm. Sam, Thabo’s mentor has requested Thabo to identify all the LAN components. Assist Thabo to identify and describe the purpose of LAN components. (12)

Answer 1

Sure! Here’s a list of common LAN (Local Area Network) components along with their descriptions and purposes. Thabo can use this information to assist his team in planning and implementing the LAN network for the auditing firm.

1. Router:

   • Purpose: A router connects the LAN to other networks (like the Internet) and manages data traffic between these networks. It directs packets of data to their intended destinations and can provide features such as firewall protection and network address translation (NAT).

2. Switch:

   • Purpose: A switch connects multiple devices within a LAN, allowing them to communicate with each other. It efficiently manages data traffic by only sending data to the device that needs it rather than broadcasting it to all devices.

3. Access Point (AP):

   • Purpose: An access point allows wireless devices to connect to the wired LAN. It serves as a bridge between wired and wireless networks, extending connectivity to mobile devices such as laptops, smartphones, and tablets.

4. Network Cable (Ethernet Cables):

   • Purpose: These cables are used to connect devices (such as computers, switches, and routers) together in a wired LAN setup. They transmit data packets over the network by using electrical signals.

5. Network Interface Card (NIC):

   • Purpose: A NIC is a hardware component installed in a device (like a computer or printer) that enables it to connect to the network. It provides the necessary interface for wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi) communication.

6. Hub:

   • Purpose: A hub is a basic networking device used to connect multiple devices in a LAN, but it does not manage traffic efficiently like a switch. It broadcasts incoming data packets to all connected devices, which can lead to collisions and reduced performance.

7. Firewall:

   • Purpose: A firewall is a security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It helps protect the LAN from unauthorized access and potential threats.

8. Modem:

   • Purpose: A modem (modulator-demodulator) connects the LAN to the Internet. It converts digital data from the devices into analog signals for transmission over telephone lines or cable, and vice versa.

9. Server:

   • Purpose: A server is a powerful computer that provides resources, data, and services to other computers on the network. For instance, a file server stores and manages files, and a print server manages print jobs from multiple users.

10. Client Devices:

    • Purpose: These are the end-user devices (such as computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones) that connect to the LAN and utilize its resources (files, applications, printers).

11. Repeater:

    • Purpose: A repeater is a device used to extend the range of a network by amplifying and retransmitting signals that have weakened over long distances. It helps maintain signal strength over greater areas.

12. Patch Panel:

    • Purpose: A patch panel is a passive networking component that provides a dedicated space for managing and connecting incoming and outgoing network cables. It allows for easier organization and maintenance of connections within the network.

By understanding these components and their purposes, Thabo can effectively contribute to the planning and implementation of the LAN for the auditing firm.