Computer networks can be categorized based on their scale, purpose, and architecture. Here are three distinct types of computer networks:
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Local Area Network (LAN):
- Definition: A Local Area Network covers a small geographical area, such as a single building or campus.
- Characteristics: LANs typically consist of computers and devices connected through wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi) connections. They allow for high-speed data transfer and are commonly used in homes, schools, and offices.
- Purpose: LANs enable resource sharing (like files and printers) and facilitate communication between devices in close proximity.
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Wide Area Network (WAN):
- Definition: A Wide Area Network spans a large geographical area, potentially connecting multiple LANs across cities, countries, or even continents.
- Characteristics: WANs utilize a combination of leased telecommunication lines, satellite links, and public networks to connect disparate systems. They typically have lower data transfer rates compared to LANs due to the distance and technology involved.
- Purpose: WANs are used by organizations to connect branch offices and enable communication and data sharing over vast distances.
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Metropolitan Area Network (MAN):
- Definition: A Metropolitan Area Network covers a larger geographic area than a LAN but is smaller than a WAN, often encompassing a city or a large campus.
- Characteristics: MANs typically use high-speed connections like fiber optics to provide reliable and speedy communication within the metropolitan area. They can be owned by a single organization or be a shared network among multiple users.
- Purpose: MANs are commonly utilized by businesses, government agencies, and educational institutions to interconnect various offices or campuses within a city for better communication and resource sharing.
In summary:
- LANs are suited for small areas (e.g., homes or offices).
- WANs connect larger, geographically diverse areas.
- MANs bridge the gap between LANs and WANs, serving cities or large campuses.
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