Edible Cutlery for Way Out of Plastic Pollution"by Valerie FlynnA photo shows a type of edible cultery made from wheat bran.Source: Konektus Photo. ShutterstockPlastic waste covers our oceans and landfill. The past 70 years of plastic waste have resulted in pollution so ubiquitous scientists say it’s a marker of a new geological epoch, the manmade Anthropocene.Plastic cutlery is a contributor to this enormous problem – estimates suggest the US alone uses 40bn plastic utensils a year – but the founder of Indian cutlery company Bakeys thinks he might have a solution. Cutlery you can eat.The vegan friendly spoons are made from rice, wheat and sorghum, an ancient grain originally from Africa. Sorghum was chosen as a primary ingredient for its tough quality (it doesn’t go soggy in liquids) and because it is suitable for cultivation in semi-arid areas.The cutlery comes in three flavours – savoury (salt and cumin), sweet (sugar) and plain. “It tastes like a cracker, a dry cracker because we don’t put any fat in it. It can complement any food. The taste of the food gets into the spoon,” says company founder Narayana Peesapaty.Bakeys’ crowdfunding campaign on Kickstarter had a goal of $20,000 (£14,000) but has already raised 12 times that. A parallel campaign on Indian platform Ketto has exceeded its 100,000 rupee (£1,050) goal 24 times over. Peesapaty says he has had emails pouring in from around the world. “It is so simple and it is this simplicity that has caught the attention of most people,” he says.With a background in forest management, Peesapaty previously worked at the International Water Management Institute’s crop research centre and says he wanted to use a raw material that won’t put much pressure on water resources.Even if the spoons are dumped after use, they decompose in a few days, according to the company. Bakeys says this makes its product more environmentally friendly than biodegradable plastic utensils made from corn plastic, which need to be subjected to high heat in specialised composting facilities to break down.The spoons are packaged in paper bags and shipped using styrofoam to prevent breakage. Peesapaty acknowledges this is the least sustainable part of the operation and is looking for alternatives.Although the edible cutlery has only just found a following – a recent Facebook video with Peesapaty has had more than 5m views – Bakeys has been making spoons at its factory in Hyderabad, India, since 2011, where it employs nine women. It sells 1.5m spoons per year to catering companies serving food at weddings and other events, but Peesapaty hopes take-up among food vendors will grow.There are challenges. While Peesapaty hopes to expand Bakeys’ offering to edible chopsticks and forks, edible knives are out as moisture blunts them. The biggest hurdle is probably cost. Bakeys can sell an edible spoon for 2 rupees (2p), cheaper than the wooden equivalent but twice the price of a plastic spoon.Peesapaty’s goal is to get the cost of a spoon down to 1.5 or 1 rupees. He hopes to do this by sourcing crops directly from farmers and building an economy of scale by adding new production lines with the investment raised online.© 2022 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved.QuestionUse the passages to answer the question. Select Passage 1 and Passage 2.Text 1 discusses edible cutlery. Text 2 discusses a ban on single-use plastics. How do the authors’ purposes for writing compare?(1 point)ResponsesBoth authors seek to push back against measures that would cut down on single-use plastics without making meaningful progress toward preventing harm in the environment.Both authors seek to push back against measures that would cut down on single-use plastics without making meaningful progress toward preventing harm in the environment.The author of Text 1 seeks to inform readers about a product that might help the

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issue of plastic pollution, while the author of Text 2 aims to advocate for stronger legislation to limit single-use plastics. The first text emphasizes a potential solution in the form of edible cutlery, highlighting its environmental benefits and appeal. In contrast, the second text likely discusses the need for a ban on single-use plastics to drive greater environmental preservation.

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Edible Cutlery for Way Out of Plastic Pollution"by Valerie FlynnA photo shows a type of edible cultery made from wheat bran.Source: Konektus Photo. ShutterstockPlastic waste covers our oceans and landfill. The past 70 years of plastic waste have resulted in pollution so ubiquitous scientists say it’s a marker of a new geological epoch, the manmade Anthropocene.Plastic cutlery is a contributor to this enormous problem – estimates suggest the US alone uses 40bn plastic utensils a year – but the founder of Indian cutlery company Bakeys thinks he might have a solution. Cutlery you can eat.The vegan friendly spoons are made from rice, wheat and sorghum, an ancient grain originally from Africa. Sorghum was chosen as a primary ingredient for its tough quality (it doesn’t go soggy in liquids) and because it is suitable for cultivation in semi-arid areas.The cutlery comes in three flavours – savoury (salt and cumin), sweet (sugar) and plain. “It tastes like a cracker, a dry cracker because we don’t put any fat in it. It can complement any food. The taste of the food gets into the spoon,” says company founder Narayana Peesapaty.Bakeys’ crowdfunding campaign on Kickstarter had a goal of $20,000 (£14,000) but has already raised 12 times that. A parallel campaign on Indian platform Ketto has exceeded its 100,000 rupee (£1,050) goal 24 times over. Peesapaty says he has had emails pouring in from around the world. “It is so simple and it is this simplicity that has caught the attention of most people,” he says.With a background in forest management, Peesapaty previously worked at the International Water Management Institute’s crop research centre and says he wanted to use a raw material that won’t put much pressure on water resources.Even if the spoons are dumped after use, they decompose in a few days, according to the company. Bakeys says this makes its product more environmentally friendly than biodegradable plastic utensils made from corn plastic, which need to be subjected to high heat in specialised composting facilities to break down.The spoons are packaged in paper bags and shipped using styrofoam to prevent breakage. Peesapaty acknowledges this is the least sustainable part of the operation and is looking for alternatives.Although the edible cutlery has only just found a following – a recent Facebook video with Peesapaty has had more than 5m views – Bakeys has been making spoons at its factory in Hyderabad, India, since 2011, where it employs nine women. It sells 1.5m spoons per year to catering companies serving food at weddings and other events, but Peesapaty hopes take-up among food vendors will grow.There are challenges. While Peesapaty hopes to expand Bakeys’ offering to edible chopsticks and forks, edible knives are out as moisture blunts them. The biggest hurdle is probably cost. Bakeys can sell an edible spoon for 2 rupees (2p), cheaper than the wooden equivalent but twice the price of a plastic spoon.Peesapaty’s goal is to get the cost of a spoon down to 1.5 or 1 rupees. He hopes to do this by sourcing crops directly from farmers and building an economy of scale by adding new production lines with the investment raised online.© 2022 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved.QuestionUse the passages to answer the question. Select Passage 1 and Passage 2.Text 1 discusses edible cutlery. Text 2 discusses a ban on single-use plastics. How do the authors’ purposes for writing compare?(1 point)ResponsesBoth authors seek to push back against measures that would cut down on single-use plastics without making meaningful progress toward preventing harm in the environment.Both authors seek to push back against measures that would cut down on single-use plastics without making meaningful progress toward preventing harm in the environment.The author of Text 1 seeks to inform readers about a product that might help the

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issue of plastic pollution, while the author of Text 2 aims to advocate for stronger legislation to limit single-use plastics. The first text emphasizes a potential solution in the form of edible cutlery, highlighting its environmental benefits and appeal. In contrast, the second text likely discusses the need for a ban on single-use plastics to drive greater environmental preservation.

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issue of plastic pollution, while the author of Text 2 aims to advocate for stronger legislation to limit single-use plastics. The first text emphasizes a potential solution in the form of edible cutlery, highlighting its environmental benefits and appeal. In contrast, the second text likely discusses the need for a ban on single-use plastics to drive greater environmental preservation.