What is a labor union? What is a goal of a labor union?
A labor union is an organization of workers formed to protect their rights and interests in the workplace. Its primary goals often include collective bargaining for better wages, working conditions, and benefits, as well as advocating for workers' rights and lobbying for favorable labor laws.
Describe Jim Crow laws.
Jim Crow laws were state and local statutes enacted in the Southern United States that enforced racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans from the late 19th century until the civil rights movement of the 1960s. These laws mandated separate public facilities, schools, and transportation systems, effectively disenfranchising Black citizens and maintaining white supremacy.
Which amendment gave women the right to vote?
The 19th Amendment to the United States Constitution granted women the right to vote, ratified on August 18, 1920.
What is the Harlem Renaissance?
The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural and intellectual movement during the 1920s that celebrated African American cultural expression, particularly in art, music, literature, and performance. Centered in Harlem, New York, it fostered a new sense of cultural identity and pride among African Americans.
Describe how World War I affected people on the home front.
World War I significantly impacted people on the home front through increased industrial production, the mobilization of women into the workforce, and widespread propaganda supporting the war effort. Citizens were encouraged to conserve resources, buy war bonds, and participate in rationing, leading to a sense of national unity and involvement in the war.
What was the purpose of the League of Nations?
The League of Nations was established after World War I to promote peace and cooperation among countries, prevent future conflicts, and resolve international disputes. It aimed to provide a forum where countries could negotiate and work toward collective security.
Why did consumerism increase during the Roaring Twenties?
Consumerism surged during the Roaring Twenties due to rising incomes, increased availability of credit, and the mass production of consumer goods. The advent of advertising and the marketing of new products such as automobiles and household appliances contributed to a culture of consumption.
The assassination of __________________________ prompted the beginning of WWI.
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary on June 28, 1914, prompted the beginning of World War I.
Why was the timing of the United States’ entry into WWI important?
The timing of the United States' entry into World War I in 1917 was crucial because it provided fresh troops and resources to the weary Allied forces, tipping the balance against the Central Powers and helping to hasten the end of the war.
Describe the dressers of flapper girls. (Two features)
Flapper girls typically wore short, straight-cut dresses that emphasized a boyish silhouette, often adorned with fringe or beading. They also accessorized with cloche hats and long strands of pearls, reflecting a departure from traditional feminine styles.
How did appliances change life in the 1920s?
The introduction of household appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, and vacuum cleaners in the 1920s revolutionized domestic life by significantly reducing the time and labor required for household chores, allowing women more leisure time and opportunities for social and professional engagement.
Write a statement that summarizes the Great Depression.
The Great Depression was a severe economic downturn that began in 1929 and lasted throughout the 1930s, characterized by widespread unemployment, bank failures, and a significant decline in industrial production, leading to profound social and economic challenges for millions of Americans.
Which program created by FDR is still a major part of American society?
The Social Security program, created by President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) as part of the New Deal, is still a major part of American society today, providing retirement benefits, disability income, and assistance to the unemployed.
What was the purpose of Social Security?
The purpose of Social Security is to provide financial assistance to individuals during retirement, in cases of disability, and for survivors of deceased workers, thereby ensuring a safety net for millions of Americans and helping to reduce poverty among the elderly.
Analyze the changes that came into the United States after the Spanish-American War. (3-5 sentences)
After the Spanish-American War in 1898, the United States emerged as an imperial power, gaining territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. This expansion marked a shift in U.S. foreign policy, as the country moved towards greater involvement in international affairs. The war also sparked debates over imperialism and the U.S. role in world politics, fostering a sense of national identity and pride while raising questions about the treatment of colonized peoples.
Summarize the events leading to the U.S. entry into World War I. (2-3 sentences)
The events leading to U.S. entry into World War I included the unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany, which resulted in American casualties, and the interception of the Zimmermann Telegram, in which Germany proposed a military alliance with Mexico against the United States. The combination of these factors, along with economic ties to the Allies, led to growing public support for joining the conflict.
Explain what the Great Migration was and how it contributed to the growth of the Harlem Renaissance. (3-5 sentences)
The Great Migration was the movement of approximately six million African Americans from the rural South to the urban North between 1916 and 1970, seeking better economic opportunities and escaping racial discrimination. This migration led to the concentration of Black populations in cities, particularly in Harlem, New York. As a result, the cultural exchanges and artistic expressions that emerged from this demographic shift played a crucial role in the Harlem Renaissance, fostering a vibrant cultural scene that celebrated African American identity.
Explain how the Great Depression began in the United States and how Herbert Hoover responded to it. (3-5 sentences)
The Great Depression began with the stock market crash of October 1929, leading to a rapid decline in consumer confidence, massive bank failures, and widespread unemployment. Herbert Hoover, who was president at the time, initially believed that the economy would recover on its own and advocated for limited government intervention, promoting volunteerism and local charity efforts. However, as conditions worsened, his response was criticized as insufficient, leading to growing discontent and calls for more direct government involvement in addressing the economic crisis.