Question

Spencer owns a small manufacturing business. In 5 years, he wants to buy a machine that costs $7,000.00. If Spencer opens a savings account that earns 5% interest compounded continuously, how much will he have to deposit as principal to have enough money in 5 years to buy the machine?
Round your answer to the nearest cent.

Answers

GPT-4o mini
To determine how much Spencer needs to deposit as principal to buy the machine in 5 years, we'll use the formula for continuous compounding interest:

\[
A = Pe^{rt}
\]

Where:
- \(A\) is the amount of money accumulated after time \(t\) (the future value),
- \(P\) is the principal amount (the initial amount of money),
- \(r\) is the annual interest rate (as a decimal),
- \(t\) is the time the money is invested or borrowed (in years),
- \(e\) is the base of the natural logarithm (approximately equal to 2.71828).

Here, we know:
- \(A = 7,000\) (the future value, or the cost of the machine),
- \(r = 0.05\) (the annual interest rate of 5%),
- \(t = 5\) (the time in years).

We need to solve for \(P\):

Rearranging the formula for \(P\):

\[
P = \frac{A}{e^{rt}}
\]

Plugging in the known values:

\[
P = \frac{7000}{e^{0.05 \times 5}}
\]

Calculating \(e^{0.05 \times 5}\):

\[
e^{0.25} \approx 1.284025
\]

Now substituting back into the equation for \(P\):

\[
P = \frac{7000}{1.284025}
\]

Calculating \(P\):

\[
P \approx \frac{7000}{1.284025} \approx 5454.95
\]

Thus, rounding to the nearest cent, Spencer needs to deposit approximately:

\[
\boxed{5454.95}
\]

So, Spencer should deposit $5,454.95 to have enough money to buy the machine in 5 years.