Question

How does carbon move through the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem? Place the processes in the cycle.
Ocean
Shells
Plants
CO₂
Animals
Fossils
Human use
Fuels



Respiration

Geologic storage

CaCO2 fixation

Photo- synthesis

Absorption

Combustion

Answers

GPT-4o mini
The carbon cycle is the process through which carbon moves between the biotic (living organisms) and abiotic (non-living components) parts of an ecosystem. Below is an overview of how carbon moves through the various components you've listed, along with the relevant processes:

1. **CO₂ (Carbon Dioxide) in the Atmosphere**
- **Photosynthesis**: Plants absorb CO₂ from the atmosphere and convert it into organic matter (glucose) using sunlight.

2. **Plants**
- **Absorption**: Plants absorb CO₂ during photosynthesis, storing carbon in their biomass (stems, leaves, and roots).

3. **Animals**
- **Consumption**: Animals consume plants (and other animals), taking in carbon in the organic material.

4. **Respiration**:
- Both plants and animals release CO₂ back into the atmosphere through respiration as they convert glucose for energy.

5. **Ocean**:
- CO₂ from the atmosphere can dissolve in ocean water.
- **CaCO₂ Fixation**: Marine organisms (like shellfish) use dissolved CO₂ in the water to form calcium carbonate (CaCO₂) for their shells.

6. **Shells**:
- When marine organisms die, their shells can accumulate on the ocean floor and become part of sedimentary deposits.

7. **Fossils**:
- Over geological time, shells and organic matter can be buried and converted into fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) through heat and pressure in a process known as geologic storage.

8. **Human Use**:
- Humans extract fossil fuels for energy and other uses, which releases stored carbon back into the atmosphere.

9. **Combustion**:
- When fossil fuels are burned for energy (like in cars, factories, and power plants), CO₂ is released back into the atmosphere, completing the cycle.

### Summary of Processes in the Carbon Cycle:
- **Photosynthesis** → Plants absorb CO₂ → Animals consume plants → **Respiration** → CO₂ released back into the atmosphere.
- From atmosphere to ocean → **CaCO₂ Fixation** in marine organisms → Shells → Fossils → **Geologic Storage** and human extraction → **Combustion**, releasing CO₂ back into the atmosphere.

This cycle is crucial to maintain the balance of carbon in the environment and is essential for life on Earth.