Question

Signs/symptoms of atrial septal defect (ASD).

Answer 1

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect characterized by a hole in the wall (septum) that separates the two upper chambers of the heart (the atria). The signs and symptoms of ASD can vary based on the size of the defect and the age of the individual. Some individuals may be asymptomatic, especially if the defect is small. However, when symptoms do occur, they can include:

1. **Shortness of breath**: This may occur during physical activity or even at rest for larger defects.

2. **Fatigue**: Individuals may tire more easily than usual, especially during exertion.

3. **Palpitations**: Irregular heartbeats or a sensation of a racing heart.

4. **Swelling**: Edema in the legs, feet, or abdomen due to fluid retention.

5. **Frequent respiratory infections**: In children, there may be an increased incidence of lung infections.

6. **Cyanosis**: A bluish tint to the skin, lips, or nails, particularly in larger defects, when there is reduced oxygen in the blood.

7. **Poor growth and development**: In infants and children, ASD can lead to growth delays.

8. **Heart murmur**: A healthcare provider may hear a characteristic murmur during a physical exam.

9. **Other heart-related symptoms**: This may include chest discomfort or an increased heart rate.

Symptoms may not appear until adulthood, and some people may live with an ASD without significant issues. If you suspect you or someone you know may have an ASD, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for evaluation and potential treatment options.