To solve the equation \( x^2 = 2564 \) by inspection, we can take the square root of both sides.
Taking the square root gives us two potential solutions:
\[ x = \sqrt{2564} \quad \text{and} \quad x = -\sqrt{2564} \]
Next, we need to simplify \( \sqrt{2564} \). First, we can find the prime factorization or identify a perfect square factor of 2564.
Let's start with dividing by 4 since 2564 is even:
\[ 2564 \div 4 = 641 \]
Now, we know:
\[ 2564 = 4 \times 641 \]
Taking the square root gives us:
\[ \sqrt{2564} = \sqrt{4 \times 641} = \sqrt{4} \times \sqrt{641} = 2\sqrt{641} \]
So our solutions are:
- \( x = 2\sqrt{641} \)
- \( x = -2\sqrt{641} \)
Now, we want to express the solutions in simplest fraction form. Since \( \sqrt{641} \) cannot be simplified further (641 is a prime number), we have:
The lesser number first is:
\[ -2\sqrt{641}, \quad 2\sqrt{641} \]
Thus, the final answer is:
\[ \boxed{-2\sqrt{641}, 2\sqrt{641}} \]