Question
Temperature Control and Chocolate Sculptures
A chocolate artist wants to create small chocolate sculptures that can be purchased as gifts for special occasions. She will create the sculptures in a temperature-controlled room within her chocolate shop. Controlling the temperature of the room is necessary because the visual appearance of chocolate can change if it is heated or cooled outside of a specific temperature range. For example, if the chocolate rises above 18°C, the sculpture may begin to melt and change shape. If the chocolate drops below 15°C, the sculpture may begin to discolor as sugar in the chocolate crystallizes and rises to the surface.
The artist wants to design a box to transport the chocolate sculptures when they are delivered. The chocolate shop is located in a city where the temperatures range between 22°C and 30°C all year long. The temperature inside the delivery van is 20°C. The ideal box will be temperature-controlled using a pack that she will design. The pack will hold a chemical substance and 100 grams of water in separate parts of the pack. Squeezing the pack will combine the two substances, causing a chemical reaction to take place that absorbs or releases energy, depending on the substance. The packs will be activated and added to the insulated box and the chocolate sculpture when it is ready to be transported. The box to transport the chocolate sculptures is shown.

The chocolate artist purchases four different substances: ammonium nitrate, calcium chloride, sodium acetate, and sodium hydroxide. She will test the effects of each substance by adding various amounts to the 100 grams of water, then choose one to create the temperature-control packs. The initial temperature of the water before adding the substance is 20° Celsius. The table shows how much the temperature increased or decreased for each substance. A negative (-) in front of the temperature change indicates a decrease in temperature, and a positive (+) indicates an increase. The artist knows that the kinetic energy of the solution decreases as the temperature decreases.
Substance10 g20 g30 g40 g50 gammonium nitrate-3-6-10-14-17calcium chloride+11+17+24+30+35sodium acetate-1-2-3-4-7sodium hydroxide+12+20+29+35+41
Multiple Choice Question
The chocolate artist creates a temperature-control pack to transport her chocolate. She tests the pack while transporting a chocolate sculpture on a very hot day. She finds that the temperature inside of the box is still within the desired range if the trip lasts only one hour. However, if the trip lasts for two hours, the temperature inside of the box is too hot. Which update to the design can the chocolate artist make for longer trips?
A.
She can make a larger temperature-control pack using less of the same chemical.
B.
She can make a smaller temperature-control pack using less of the same chemical.
C.
She can add a second temperature-control pack that is identical to the first pack to the box.
D.
She can add a second temperature-control pack with the coldest possible temperature to the box.
Answers
GPT-4o mini
To keep the temperature of the chocolate sculptures within the desired range during longer trips, the chocolate artist needs to enhance the cooling capacity of the temperature-control pack. Given that the current solution only maintains the desired temperature for one hour, any solution that increases the cooling effect or duration of cooling would be beneficial.
Analyzing the options:
A. **She can make a larger temperature-control pack using less of the same chemical.**
- This option would likely be counterproductive. Making a larger pack with less chemical would decrease the cooling capacity.
B. **She can make a smaller temperature-control pack using less of the same chemical.**
- A smaller pack would not provide enough cooling, similar to option A.
C. **She can add a second temperature-control pack that is identical to the first pack to the box.**
- Adding another identical pack would enhance the cooling effect, thereby potentially keeping the temperature down for the duration of the trip.
D. **She can add a second temperature-control pack with the coldest possible temperature to the box.**
- This option also sounds plausible; however, “the coldest possible temperature” might not clarify the properties of the chemical used. It is important to use a pack that has been tested to provide effective cooling.
Considering these options, the best choice is:
**C. She can add a second temperature-control pack that is identical to the first pack to the box.**
This solution should help maintain the desired temperature range throughout the longer transport time of two hours.
Analyzing the options:
A. **She can make a larger temperature-control pack using less of the same chemical.**
- This option would likely be counterproductive. Making a larger pack with less chemical would decrease the cooling capacity.
B. **She can make a smaller temperature-control pack using less of the same chemical.**
- A smaller pack would not provide enough cooling, similar to option A.
C. **She can add a second temperature-control pack that is identical to the first pack to the box.**
- Adding another identical pack would enhance the cooling effect, thereby potentially keeping the temperature down for the duration of the trip.
D. **She can add a second temperature-control pack with the coldest possible temperature to the box.**
- This option also sounds plausible; however, “the coldest possible temperature” might not clarify the properties of the chemical used. It is important to use a pack that has been tested to provide effective cooling.
Considering these options, the best choice is:
**C. She can add a second temperature-control pack that is identical to the first pack to the box.**
This solution should help maintain the desired temperature range throughout the longer transport time of two hours.