How did the environment of Arabia serve as a form of protection during much of the region's history?

Question

Its fertile oases enabled farmers to grow enough food for themselves and for sale.
Its extreme heat and arid conditions kept invaders from attacking settlements.
Its landlocked location prevented traders from bringing in foreign goods.
Its mountainous regions kept farmers from Mesopotamia from moving in for better land.

Answer 1

The environment of Arabia, particularly its extreme heat and arid conditions, served as a significant form of protection during much of the region's history. The harsh climate made it difficult for hostile forces to sustain long military campaigns in the desert, thus deterring invasions and protecting settlements within the region.

While fertile oases did provide agricultural benefits, they were limited in number and often surrounded by harsh desert. Therefore, the extreme conditions of the broader Arabian landscape played a crucial role in maintaining a level of isolation and security for its inhabitants.

The other options regarding a landlocked location and mountainous regions are not accurate in the context of the region's historical trade and interactions. Arabia is located at a crossroads of trade routes, connecting Europe, Asia, and Africa, allowing for the exchange of goods and ideas despite its environmental challenges.