Question
Temperature Control and Chocolate Sculptures
Temperature Control and Chocolate Sculptures
A chocolate artist wants to create small chocolate sculptures that can be purchased as gifts for special occasions. She will create the sculptures in a temperature-controlled room within her chocolate shop. Controlling the temperature of the room is necessary because the visual appearance of chocolate can change if it is heated or cooled outside of a specific temperature range. For example, if the chocolate rises above 18°C, the sculpture may begin to melt and change shape. If the chocolate drops below 15°C, the sculpture may begin to discolor as sugar in the chocolate crystallizes and rises to the surface.
The artist wants to design a box to transport the chocolate sculptures when they are delivered. The chocolate shop is located in a city where the temperatures range between 22°C and 30°C all year long. The temperature inside the delivery van is 20°C. The ideal box will be temperature-controlled using a pack that she will design. The pack will hold a chemical substance and 100 grams of water in separate parts of the pack. Squeezing the pack will combine the two substances, causing a chemical reaction to take place that absorbs or releases energy, depending on the substance. The packs will be activated and added to the insulated box and the chocolate sculpture when it is ready to be transported. The box to transport the chocolate sculptures is shown.
The chocolate artist purchases four different substances: ammonium nitrate, calcium chloride, sodium acetate, and sodium hydroxide. She will test the effects of each substance by adding various amounts to the 100 grams of water, then choose one to create the temperature-control packs. The initial temperature of the water before adding the substance is 20° Celsius. The table shows how much the temperature increased or decreased for each substance. A negative (-) in front of the temperature change indicates a decrease in temperature, and a positive (+) indicates an increase. The artist knows that the kinetic energy of the solution decreases as the temperature decreases.
Substance 10 g 20 g 30 g 40 g 50 g
ammonium nitrate -3 -6 -10 -14 -17
calcium chloride +11 +17 +24 +30 +35
sodium acetate -1 -2 -3 -4 -7
sodium hydroxide +12 +20 +29 +35 +41
Multiple Choice Question
Which statement describes the type of chemical reaction that should be used in the temperature-control pack?
A.
The reaction of the pack should absorb thermal energy so that the temperature will decrease when it is activated.
B.
The reaction of the pack should release thermal energy so that the temperature will decrease when it is activated.
C.
The reaction of the pack should absorb thermal energy so that the temperature will increase when it is activated.
D.
The reaction of the pack should release thermal energy so that the temperature will increase when it is activated.
Temperature Control and Chocolate Sculptures
A chocolate artist wants to create small chocolate sculptures that can be purchased as gifts for special occasions. She will create the sculptures in a temperature-controlled room within her chocolate shop. Controlling the temperature of the room is necessary because the visual appearance of chocolate can change if it is heated or cooled outside of a specific temperature range. For example, if the chocolate rises above 18°C, the sculpture may begin to melt and change shape. If the chocolate drops below 15°C, the sculpture may begin to discolor as sugar in the chocolate crystallizes and rises to the surface.
The artist wants to design a box to transport the chocolate sculptures when they are delivered. The chocolate shop is located in a city where the temperatures range between 22°C and 30°C all year long. The temperature inside the delivery van is 20°C. The ideal box will be temperature-controlled using a pack that she will design. The pack will hold a chemical substance and 100 grams of water in separate parts of the pack. Squeezing the pack will combine the two substances, causing a chemical reaction to take place that absorbs or releases energy, depending on the substance. The packs will be activated and added to the insulated box and the chocolate sculpture when it is ready to be transported. The box to transport the chocolate sculptures is shown.
The chocolate artist purchases four different substances: ammonium nitrate, calcium chloride, sodium acetate, and sodium hydroxide. She will test the effects of each substance by adding various amounts to the 100 grams of water, then choose one to create the temperature-control packs. The initial temperature of the water before adding the substance is 20° Celsius. The table shows how much the temperature increased or decreased for each substance. A negative (-) in front of the temperature change indicates a decrease in temperature, and a positive (+) indicates an increase. The artist knows that the kinetic energy of the solution decreases as the temperature decreases.
Substance 10 g 20 g 30 g 40 g 50 g
ammonium nitrate -3 -6 -10 -14 -17
calcium chloride +11 +17 +24 +30 +35
sodium acetate -1 -2 -3 -4 -7
sodium hydroxide +12 +20 +29 +35 +41
Multiple Choice Question
Which statement describes the type of chemical reaction that should be used in the temperature-control pack?
A.
The reaction of the pack should absorb thermal energy so that the temperature will decrease when it is activated.
B.
The reaction of the pack should release thermal energy so that the temperature will decrease when it is activated.
C.
The reaction of the pack should absorb thermal energy so that the temperature will increase when it is activated.
D.
The reaction of the pack should release thermal energy so that the temperature will increase when it is activated.
Answers
GPT-4o mini
To determine the appropriate type of chemical reaction for the temperature-control pack, we need to consider the requirements for protecting the chocolate sculptures during transport:
- The chocolate sculptures must remain within a specific temperature range to avoid melting or discoloring. Since the delivery van's temperature is 20°C and the ideal temperature for the sculptures is below 18°C to prevent melting, the artist needs a reaction that will lower the temperature.
Given this context, we should look for a chemical reaction that absorbs thermal energy (endothermic reaction), thereby lowering the temperature of the pack when activated.
Out of the options provided:
A. The reaction of the pack should absorb thermal energy so that the temperature will decrease when it is activated.
This statement correctly describes an endothermic reaction, which is suitable for maintaining a lower temperature environment, keeping the chocolate sculptures safe during transport.
So the correct answer is:
**A. The reaction of the pack should absorb thermal energy so that the temperature will decrease when it is activated.**
- The chocolate sculptures must remain within a specific temperature range to avoid melting or discoloring. Since the delivery van's temperature is 20°C and the ideal temperature for the sculptures is below 18°C to prevent melting, the artist needs a reaction that will lower the temperature.
Given this context, we should look for a chemical reaction that absorbs thermal energy (endothermic reaction), thereby lowering the temperature of the pack when activated.
Out of the options provided:
A. The reaction of the pack should absorb thermal energy so that the temperature will decrease when it is activated.
This statement correctly describes an endothermic reaction, which is suitable for maintaining a lower temperature environment, keeping the chocolate sculptures safe during transport.
So the correct answer is:
**A. The reaction of the pack should absorb thermal energy so that the temperature will decrease when it is activated.**