Outcomes | 2 4 6 8 10 12

Frequency | 10 9 6 15 13 8
Jede tossed a cube with faces numbered with 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12. The results are recorded in the table. What is the largest discrepancy between the experimental and the expected probability of this experiment? The answer needs to be in percent form to the nearest whole number.
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1 answer

To find the largest discrepancy between the experimental and expected probabilities for the outcomes of Jede's experiment, we first need to calculate both the experimental and expected probabilities for each outcome.

  1. Calculate the total number of trials (N): \[ N = 10 + 9 + 6 + 15 + 13 + 8 = 61 \]

  2. Calculate the experimental probability (P_e) for each outcome: \[ P_e(\text{outcome}) = \frac{\text{Frequency}}{N} \]

    | Outcomes | Frequency | Experimental Probability | |----------|-----------|-------------------------| | 2 | 10 | \( P_e(2) = \frac{10}{61} \approx 0.16393 \) | | 4 | 9 | \( P_e(4) = \frac{9}{61} \approx 0.14754 \) | | 6 | 6 | \( P_e(6) = \frac{6}{61} \approx 0.09836 \) | | 8 | 15 | \( P_e(8) = \frac{15}{61} \approx 0.24590 \) | | 10 | 13 | \( P_e(10) = \frac{13}{61} \approx 0.21311 \) | | 12 | 8 | \( P_e(12) = \frac{8}{61} \approx 0.13115 \) |

  3. Calculate the expected probability (P_e) for each outcome: Since the cube is fair and has 6 faces, the expected probability for each outcome is: \[ P_e(\text{outcome}) = \frac{1}{6} \approx 0.16667 \]

  4. Calculate the discrepancies: Now we compute the difference between the experimental probability and the expected probability, which gives us the discrepancy for each outcome:

    \[ \text{Discrepancy} = \left| P_e(\text{experimental}) - P_e(\text{expected}) \right| \]

    | Outcomes | Experimental Probability | Expected Probability | Discrepancy | |----------|-------------------------|---------------------|---------------------------| | 2 | 0.16393 | 0.16667 | \( |0.16393 - 0.16667| \approx 0.00274 \) | | 4 | 0.14754 | 0.16667 | \( |0.14754 - 0.16667| \approx 0.01913 \) | | 6 | 0.09836 | 0.16667 | \( |0.09836 - 0.16667| \approx 0.06831 \) | | 8 | 0.24590 | 0.16667 | \( |0.24590 - 0.16667| \approx 0.07923 \) | | 10 | 0.21311 | 0.16667 | \( |0.21311 - 0.16667| \approx 0.04644 \) | | 12 | 0.13115 | 0.16667 | \( |0.13115 - 0.16667| \approx 0.03552 \) |

  5. Find the largest discrepancy: The largest discrepancy occurs at the outcome of 8, which is: \[ 0.07923 \]

  6. Convert the largest discrepancy to percentage: \[ \text{Largest Discrepancy (percent)} = 0.07923 \times 100 \approx 7.923% \]

    Rounding to the nearest whole number, we get:

    \[ \text{Largest Discrepancy} \approx 8% \]

Thus, the largest discrepancy between the experimental and expected probabilities is \(\boxed{8}%\).