The statement "If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the same-side interior angles are supplementary" is referred to as the Same-Side Interior Angles Theorem. This theorem states that when a transversal intersects two parallel lines, the pair of same-side interior angles formed is supplementary, meaning their measures add up to 180 degrees.
Here's a brief description of the other terms mentioned:
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Alternate Interior Angles Theorem: This states that if two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the alternate interior angles are congruent.
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Corresponding Angles Postulate: This states that if two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the corresponding angles are congruent.
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Converse of the Same-Side Interior Angles Theorem: This states that if two lines are cut by a transversal and the same-side interior angles are supplementary, then the two lines are parallel.
So, the correct context for your original statement is the Same-Side Interior Angles Theorem.