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The Tallulah Gorge is one of the oldest geological features in North America. The cliffs of Tallulah Gorge are made up of quart...Question
The Tallulah Gorge is one of the oldest geological features in North America. The cliffs of Tallulah Gorge are made up of quartzite. These quartzite rocks originated as layers of mud and sand under water. Over time, the sand was compacted and cemented into rock, called sandstone, and this sandstone eventually became the quartzite of Tallulah Gorge. What geologic event is responsible for this transformation?
Responses
A The tremendous heat and pressures of mountain building transformed the sandstone into quartzite.The tremendous heat and pressures of mountain building transformed the sandstone into quartzite.
B Volcanic activity resulted in contact metamorphism and transformed the sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock.Volcanic activity resulted in contact metamorphism and transformed the sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock.
C The sandstone was subjected to continued layering from the receding and increasing sea levels over millions of years.The sandstone was subjected to continued layering from the receding and increasing sea levels over millions of years.
D Several ice ages occurred and deposited organic matter as a result of the great dyings; this caused the change in the rocks.Several ice ages occurred and deposited organic matter as a result of the great dyings; this caused the change in the rocks.
Question 2
The presence of what type of fossil evidence would support this theory of transformation?
Responses
A Fossils of tree ferns and cycads, some the Earth's first land plants.Fossils of tree ferns and cycads, some the Earth's first land plants.
B Fossils of crinoids or sea lilies that are formed by ancient sea animals.Fossils of crinoids or sea lilies that are formed by ancient sea animals.
C Fossil remains of early settlements of our hominid ancestors, living in this area.Fossil remains of early settlements of our hominid ancestors, living in this area.
D Fossils of the first land dwelling mammals as well as trace fossils such as footprints and burrows.Fossils of the first land dwelling mammals as well as trace fossils such as footprints and burrows.
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Responses
A The tremendous heat and pressures of mountain building transformed the sandstone into quartzite.The tremendous heat and pressures of mountain building transformed the sandstone into quartzite.
B Volcanic activity resulted in contact metamorphism and transformed the sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock.Volcanic activity resulted in contact metamorphism and transformed the sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock.
C The sandstone was subjected to continued layering from the receding and increasing sea levels over millions of years.The sandstone was subjected to continued layering from the receding and increasing sea levels over millions of years.
D Several ice ages occurred and deposited organic matter as a result of the great dyings; this caused the change in the rocks.Several ice ages occurred and deposited organic matter as a result of the great dyings; this caused the change in the rocks.
Question 2
The presence of what type of fossil evidence would support this theory of transformation?
Responses
A Fossils of tree ferns and cycads, some the Earth's first land plants.Fossils of tree ferns and cycads, some the Earth's first land plants.
B Fossils of crinoids or sea lilies that are formed by ancient sea animals.Fossils of crinoids or sea lilies that are formed by ancient sea animals.
C Fossil remains of early settlements of our hominid ancestors, living in this area.Fossil remains of early settlements of our hominid ancestors, living in this area.
D Fossils of the first land dwelling mammals as well as trace fossils such as footprints and burrows.Fossils of the first land dwelling mammals as well as trace fossils such as footprints and burrows.
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Answers
GPT-4o mini
For the first question regarding the transformation of sandstone into quartzite in Tallulah Gorge, the correct answer is:
**A**: The tremendous heat and pressures of mountain building transformed the sandstone into quartzite.
This process is known as metamorphism, specifically regional metamorphism associated with the extreme heat and pressure conditions typically found in mountain-building events.
For the second question about the type of fossil evidence that would support the theory of transformation from sandstone to quartzite, the correct answer is:
**B**: Fossils of crinoids or sea lilies that are formed by ancient sea animals.
Since sandstone typically forms in marine environments, the presence of these fossils would indicate that the area was once submerged in water, supporting the idea of sediment accumulation before the metamorphic process turned the sandstone into quartzite.
**A**: The tremendous heat and pressures of mountain building transformed the sandstone into quartzite.
This process is known as metamorphism, specifically regional metamorphism associated with the extreme heat and pressure conditions typically found in mountain-building events.
For the second question about the type of fossil evidence that would support the theory of transformation from sandstone to quartzite, the correct answer is:
**B**: Fossils of crinoids or sea lilies that are formed by ancient sea animals.
Since sandstone typically forms in marine environments, the presence of these fossils would indicate that the area was once submerged in water, supporting the idea of sediment accumulation before the metamorphic process turned the sandstone into quartzite.