Here’s a comparison of the North and the South in 1860, with the elements categorized appropriately:
North:
- more industrial economy, based on manufacturing
- mostly "free states"
- higher percentage of population were immigrants
- more urbanized
- population of about 18 million free people
South:
- fewer large cities
- more agricultural economy, based on growing crops
- mostly "slave states"
- population of about 4 million enslaved and 8 million free people
- lower percentage of population were immigrants