Trichinellosis, also known as trichinosis, is a parasitic disease caused by infection with the larvae of the Trichinella genus of nematodes (roundworms). Humans typically acquire this infection by consuming undercooked or raw meat, particularly pork, that contains the encysted larvae of the parasite.
Once ingested, the larvae are released from their cysts in the intestines, mature into adult worms, and then produce new larvae that migrate into the bloodstream and can invade various tissues, including muscle tissue. Symptoms can vary widely but may include gastrointestinal issues (like diarrhea and abdominal pain), fever, muscle pain, and swelling of the face or eyes. Severe cases can lead to complications affecting the heart and nervous system. Diagnosis is usually made through clinical symptoms, serological tests, or muscle biopsy, and treatment typically involves antiparasitic medications.