Based on the historical timeline and events surrounding the aggression and conflicts that led to the Nanjing Massacre and contributed to the beginning of World War II, the correct response is:
Date:
1850s - Japan uses gunboat diplomacy to force trade with the Chinese.
1931 - Japan seizes Manchuria from China.
1937 - Japan invades the mainland of China, claiming Beijing and Shanghai.
This timeline correctly identifies the sequence of events leading up to the conflicts involving Japan and China in the context of World War II.
Note: The specific detail of Japan seizing Nanjing is not accurate for 1931; the massacre specifically took place in December 1937 when Japanese forces invaded Nanjing. However, the timeline presented is closest to the actual historical events leading up to these conflicts, particularly in terms of Japanese aggression in the 1930s.