Slave codes were laws established in various states, primarily in the Southern United States, during the period of slavery that were designed to control the behavior and rights of enslaved individuals. These laws aimed to regulate the conduct of slaves and their interactions with free people, ensuring the subjugation and control of the enslaved population.
Key characteristics of slave codes included:
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Control of Conduct: They dictated the behavior expected from enslaved individuals, including prohibitions on meeting in groups, learning to read and write, and movements without permission.
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Limited Rights: Slave codes stripped enslaved people of basic rights, denying them legal personhood and restricting their ability to engage in any legal agreements or testify in court against white individuals.
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Punishments and Enforcement: The codes established severe punishments for those who disobeyed the laws, including corporal punishment, and set out the roles of slave patrols or other enforcement mechanisms to ensure compliance.
Overall, slave codes were a legal framework that institutionalized and justified the practice of slavery, creating a system meant to maintain the dominance of slaveholders and minimize the potential for rebellion or resistance from enslaved individuals.