Question
How does the contrast between modern and historical practices of arranged marriage challenge the idea of love as the foundation of a successful marriage?
The contrast…by…
[1] While they are unpopular in the United States, arranged marriages still exist in some places around the world today. An arranged marriage, as it’s most commonly known, is one in which the parents select the spouse for their children. There are two different types of arranged marriages. The first type is a forced arranged marriage, when the parents or guardians select a spouse for their child, and the individual child has no say in the decision. In the second type, the child is allowed to meet the selected spouse in advance, and perhaps go on a few family outings together before they have the power to approve or reject their parents’ selection. The latter type of arranged marriage tends to be more common, especially in the 21st century.
[2] In either case, the marriage does not depend on any feelings of love between the couple beforehand; instead, their love for each other is expected to grow throughout the marriage. [3] From a Western1 perspective, we might think that marriages not based on love are doomed to failure or unhappiness, but this is usually not the case. One study done in India in the 1980s used the Rubin Love Scale2 to measure the amount of love in a relationship over the course of many years. In India, both autonomous3 and arranged marriages are fairly common, so the researchers compared and contrasted their results. They found that autonomous marriages start with a high amount of love, but the number goes down steadily in future years. In arranged marriages, on the other hand, the amount of love the couple feels starts relatively low, but it increases over time. By the ten-year mark, arranged marriages experienced twice the amount of love as autonomous marriages. Of course, some marriages are dysfunctional and even abusive, but according to the study, those in arranged marriages generally enjoy happier lives and lower divorce rates.
[4] Millions of people have had arranged marriages in the past, and millions still engage in the practice today. Most modern arranged marriages take place in the Middle East and Far East, in countries like Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, India, Bangladesh, Japan, and others. It has become less popular in places like China over the past few decades, as the culture rapidly Westernizes and young people are beginning to value individual choice more than family traditions and preferences.
[5] Arranged marriage was much more universal in previous centuries, and was still quite common across Europe until the 1700s. Immigrant families brought the practice to America, where it still lingers among some minority groups. Today, some royal families and elites around the world still arrange their marriages, to preserve royal heritage or social status.
[...]
[7] Arranged marriage usually has practical benefits as well. Parents will select a richer man for their daughter to marry to ensure her financial security and social standing. In many cultures, the right marriage can even raise the status of a whole family. Marriages can also be political actions, whether they further the family’s position in politics, establish political alliances for the future, or smooth over some past conflicts. Poverty sometimes necessitates an arranged marriage when the parents can no longer afford to care for their own daughter. Among immigrant populations such as in the United States, parents set their children up with future spouses to ensure the child marries within their own ethnicity.
[8] Arranged marriages might seem unfamiliar and strange to certain people, but they are actually fairly common around the world and have many individual and social benefits. Some young people in China have begun to realize this — when a single person 30
© Houston ISD Curriculum 2024-2025
years of age or older and has not found a spouse, they will sometimes ask their parents to set up a marriage, because it is easier and more reliable than continuing to date on their own. Some American adults take this path, too, trusting their parents to know them and keep their best interests at heart. Do you think you would ever consider marrying a stranger?
The contrast…by…
[1] While they are unpopular in the United States, arranged marriages still exist in some places around the world today. An arranged marriage, as it’s most commonly known, is one in which the parents select the spouse for their children. There are two different types of arranged marriages. The first type is a forced arranged marriage, when the parents or guardians select a spouse for their child, and the individual child has no say in the decision. In the second type, the child is allowed to meet the selected spouse in advance, and perhaps go on a few family outings together before they have the power to approve or reject their parents’ selection. The latter type of arranged marriage tends to be more common, especially in the 21st century.
[2] In either case, the marriage does not depend on any feelings of love between the couple beforehand; instead, their love for each other is expected to grow throughout the marriage. [3] From a Western1 perspective, we might think that marriages not based on love are doomed to failure or unhappiness, but this is usually not the case. One study done in India in the 1980s used the Rubin Love Scale2 to measure the amount of love in a relationship over the course of many years. In India, both autonomous3 and arranged marriages are fairly common, so the researchers compared and contrasted their results. They found that autonomous marriages start with a high amount of love, but the number goes down steadily in future years. In arranged marriages, on the other hand, the amount of love the couple feels starts relatively low, but it increases over time. By the ten-year mark, arranged marriages experienced twice the amount of love as autonomous marriages. Of course, some marriages are dysfunctional and even abusive, but according to the study, those in arranged marriages generally enjoy happier lives and lower divorce rates.
[4] Millions of people have had arranged marriages in the past, and millions still engage in the practice today. Most modern arranged marriages take place in the Middle East and Far East, in countries like Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, India, Bangladesh, Japan, and others. It has become less popular in places like China over the past few decades, as the culture rapidly Westernizes and young people are beginning to value individual choice more than family traditions and preferences.
[5] Arranged marriage was much more universal in previous centuries, and was still quite common across Europe until the 1700s. Immigrant families brought the practice to America, where it still lingers among some minority groups. Today, some royal families and elites around the world still arrange their marriages, to preserve royal heritage or social status.
[...]
[7] Arranged marriage usually has practical benefits as well. Parents will select a richer man for their daughter to marry to ensure her financial security and social standing. In many cultures, the right marriage can even raise the status of a whole family. Marriages can also be political actions, whether they further the family’s position in politics, establish political alliances for the future, or smooth over some past conflicts. Poverty sometimes necessitates an arranged marriage when the parents can no longer afford to care for their own daughter. Among immigrant populations such as in the United States, parents set their children up with future spouses to ensure the child marries within their own ethnicity.
[8] Arranged marriages might seem unfamiliar and strange to certain people, but they are actually fairly common around the world and have many individual and social benefits. Some young people in China have begun to realize this — when a single person 30
© Houston ISD Curriculum 2024-2025
years of age or older and has not found a spouse, they will sometimes ask their parents to set up a marriage, because it is easier and more reliable than continuing to date on their own. Some American adults take this path, too, trusting their parents to know them and keep their best interests at heart. Do you think you would ever consider marrying a stranger?
Answers
GPT-4o mini
The contrast between modern and historical practices of arranged marriage challenges the prevailing notion that love is the primary foundation for a successful marriage. The juxtaposition can be analyzed through several lenses: the evolving role of love, cultural influences, and empirical evidence regarding marriage satisfaction over time.
Historically, arranged marriages—which often included practical considerations such as social status, wealth, and family alliances—were the norm and were deemed successful if they fulfilled societal expectations. These arrangements frequently prioritized family interests over individual desires, with love being a potential outcome rather than a prerequisite. In many cultures, love was developed post-marriage, as couples worked together to build their lives, suggesting that emotional bonds could strengthen over time, regardless of initial romantic feelings.
In contrast, modern notions of marriage in many Western societies tend to emphasize romantic love as the bedrock of a successful union. This perspective reinforces the belief that love must precede marriage for it to be satisfying and lasting. However, studies, such as the one conducted in India using the Rubin Love Scale, reveal that arranged marriages can lead to greater long-term satisfaction, with love levels increasing significantly over time. This challenges the idea that love must be foundational and raises questions about our understanding of marital success.
Moreover, in contemporary societies, especially among younger generations in places like China and amongst immigrant communities in the U.S., there is a growing acceptance of arranged matches under modern interpretations. This illustrates a broader recognition that while love is an important component of marriage, it can also be nourished through shared goals and mutual respect that emerge from partnership instead of pre-existing romantic sentiment.
Thus, the contrast emphasizes that successful marriages can be cultivated in various contexts. The historical reliance on arranged unions supports the idea that love can be nurtured through commitment and shared objectives, indicating that love is perhaps not the sole ingredient for a fulfilling marriage. Through this lens, arranged marriages provide a compelling counter-narrative to the belief that love must be the starting point, suggesting instead that love can be understood as a dynamic and evolving element of marital relationships.
Historically, arranged marriages—which often included practical considerations such as social status, wealth, and family alliances—were the norm and were deemed successful if they fulfilled societal expectations. These arrangements frequently prioritized family interests over individual desires, with love being a potential outcome rather than a prerequisite. In many cultures, love was developed post-marriage, as couples worked together to build their lives, suggesting that emotional bonds could strengthen over time, regardless of initial romantic feelings.
In contrast, modern notions of marriage in many Western societies tend to emphasize romantic love as the bedrock of a successful union. This perspective reinforces the belief that love must precede marriage for it to be satisfying and lasting. However, studies, such as the one conducted in India using the Rubin Love Scale, reveal that arranged marriages can lead to greater long-term satisfaction, with love levels increasing significantly over time. This challenges the idea that love must be foundational and raises questions about our understanding of marital success.
Moreover, in contemporary societies, especially among younger generations in places like China and amongst immigrant communities in the U.S., there is a growing acceptance of arranged matches under modern interpretations. This illustrates a broader recognition that while love is an important component of marriage, it can also be nourished through shared goals and mutual respect that emerge from partnership instead of pre-existing romantic sentiment.
Thus, the contrast emphasizes that successful marriages can be cultivated in various contexts. The historical reliance on arranged unions supports the idea that love can be nurtured through commitment and shared objectives, indicating that love is perhaps not the sole ingredient for a fulfilling marriage. Through this lens, arranged marriages provide a compelling counter-narrative to the belief that love must be the starting point, suggesting instead that love can be understood as a dynamic and evolving element of marital relationships.