The justification for expansion outside the continental U.S. can be attributed to A, B, and C:
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Frederick Jackson Turner's "Frontier Thesis" argued that the existence of a frontier helped shape American democracy and character, encouraging the idea of expansion as a means of continuing American growth and opportunity.
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Alfred Mahan's "The Influence of Sea Power Upon History" emphasized the importance of naval power in achieving global dominance, advocating for the expansion of the U.S. Navy and overseas bases to protect trade routes and exert influence.
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Rudyard Kipling's "White Man's Burden" presented the idea that it was the moral obligation of Western powers to colonize and 'civilize' non-Western peoples, which was used to justify imperialism.
Each of these works provided a different rationale for U.S. expansionism during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Therefore, the correct answer is A, B, and C.