Certainly! Let's address each part of your questions.
2.2.1
On Fig. 2.2, mark one wavelength of the wave.
Unfortunately, I cannot see Fig. 2.2, but I can help you understand how to mark it. A wavelength is the distance between two consecutive compressions or rarefactions in a sound wave. On your diagram, you would typically draw a line connecting the start of one compression to the start of the next compression, or from one rarefaction to the next rarefaction.
2.2.2
Explain why sound travels faster in copper than in air.
Sound travels faster in copper than in air because solids (like copper) have particles that are more closely packed together than those in gases (like air). This close packing allows sound waves to be transmitted through the medium more efficiently because particles can collide and transfer energy more rapidly, thus allowing the sound to travel faster.
2.2.3
Describe how a bat makes use of echoes to find food.
Bats utilize echolocation to locate prey by emitting high-frequency sound waves. When these sound waves encounter an object (like potential food), they bounce back, forming an echo. The bat listens for these echoes and evaluates the time it takes for the sound to return. By calculating this time and interpreting the differences in the echoes’ intensity and frequency, the bat can determine the distance, size, shape, and even texture of the object. This allows the bat to zero in on its prey effectively, even in complete darkness.
3.1.1
State what happens to the gas particles in the tyre as the temperature increases.
As the temperature increases, the gas particles in the tyre gain energy and move faster. This increased kinetic energy causes the gas particles to collide more frequently and with greater force against the walls of the tyre.
3.1.2
State and explain what effect the increase in temperature has on the pressure of gas in the tyre.
As the temperature of the gas in the tyre increases, the pressure of the gas also increases. This is explained by Charles's Law, which states that at constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (in Kelvin). Since the gas particles are moving more rapidly and colliding more frequently with the walls of the tyre, the force exerted by these collisions increases, leading to higher pressure within the tyre.
Feel free to ask if you have further questions!
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