The main language of Brazil is Portuguese because the country was claimed for Portugal in 1500 by explorers who mapped its coast. This initial claim led to Portuguese colonization, and as a result, Portuguese became the dominant language.
As for the other statements:
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The election of 1638 made Portuguese the official language of Brazil. - This is not accurate; Portuguese was already established as the language of the colony due to the colonization process.
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The Portuguese bought Brazil from Spain in 1887. - This is incorrect; Brazil was never bought from Spain, as it was a Portuguese colony from the start.
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The Spanish had no interest in Brazil and gave it to Portugal as a payment for a debt. - This is also not accurate. While there were treaties that divided territories in the Americas between Spain and Portugal (like the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494), Brazil remained a Portuguese claim and was not "given" to Portugal.
In summary, the primary reason Brazil speaks Portuguese is due to its colonization by Portugal starting in the early 16th century.