#18

Question

The innovation shown in this photograph most affect the U.S. economy by --

(1 point)
Responses

decreasing the need for canals
decreasing the need for canals

allowing more efficient movement of goods
allowing more efficient movement of goods

reducing the cost of settling in western territories
reducing the cost of settling in western territories

transporting workers from southn states to northern states
transporting workers from southn states to northern states
Question 19
#19

Use the image to answer the question.

What was the biggest threat of traveling west in the manner shown in the illustration?

(1 point)
Responses

Disease spread quickly because the travelers lived so close together.
Disease spread quickly because the travelers lived so close together.

Individual wagons would oftentimes be separated from the group.
Individual wagons would oftentimes be separated from the group.

Settlers were unable to purchase or trade for goods along the way.
Settlers were unable to purchase or trade for goods along the way.

Groups faced the possibility of ambush by hostile natives.
Groups faced the possibility of ambush by hostile natives.
Question 20
#20

Use the map to answer the question.

How does this map show the challenges faced by Native American groups on the Trail of Tears?

(1 point)
Responses

It details the areas along the trail where disease was most common.
It details the areas along the trail where disease was most common.

It shows where federal troops made a series of deadly attacks on Native American camps.
It shows where federal troops made a series of deadly attacks on Native American camps.

It shows the long distances they were forced to walk to reach their designated lands.
It shows the long distances they were forced to walk to reach their designated lands.

It details the time it took for these groups to walk from their homelands to their new territories.
It details the time it took for these groups to walk from their homelands to their new territories.
Question 21
#21

Use the map to answer the question.

The main reasons Congress initially refused to annex Texas are supported by the information on this map. Select the two reasons that apply.

(4 points)
Responses

If the United States annexed Texas, it would almost certainly mean war with Mexico.
If the United States annexed Texas, it would almost certainly mean war with Mexico.

If the United States annexed Texas, it would enter as a free state and anger Southerners.
If the United States annexed Texas, it would enter as a free state and anger Southerners.

If the United States annexed Texas, slave states would almost certainly outnumber free states.
If the United States annexed Texas, slave states would almost certainly outnumber free states.

If the United States annexed Texas, it would jeopardize the country’s other claims in California.
If the United States annexed Texas, it would jeopardize the country’s other claims in California.
Question 22
#22

It began as an unconnected series of trails used by Native Americans. Fur Traders expanded the route to transport pelts to trading posts and rendezvous. In the 1830s missionaries followed the still faint trail along the Platte River and the Snake to establish church connections in the Northwest. A combination of economic and political events in the 1840s converged to start a large scale migration west on what was then known as "The Oregon Road." Joel Walker is credited as the first settler to make the complete trip with a family, in 1840. Large scale migration started in 1843, when a wagon train of over 800 people with 120 wagons and 5,000 cattle made the five month journey. In 1847 Mormons escaping persecution headed toward Salt Lake, and the discovery of gold in California in 1848 sent a wave of fortune seekers west. Military posts, trading posts, shortcuts, and spur roads sprang off the Oregon Trail over the next three decades.
—Department of the Interior

Use the passage to answer the question.

Which of the following best summarizes this passage?

(1 point)
Responses

The Oregon Trail was first used by Mormons fleeing religious persecution.
The Oregon Trail was first used by Mormons fleeing religious persecution.

The Oregon Trail grew from small beginnings to a major migration route.
The Oregon Trail grew from small beginnings to a major migration route.

The Oregon Trail was made more accessible by missionaries who helped define the route.
The Oregon Trail was made more accessible by missionaries who helped define the route.

The Oregon Trail was developed by the military to monitor interactions between Native American groups and settlers.
The Oregon Trail was developed by the military to monitor interactions between Native American groups and settlers.
Question 23
#23 - ESSAY QUESTION

Discuss three transportation innovations of the early 1800s. Explain how each affected the migration patterns in the United States. Include how the innovation changed how people were able to move and changed where people could go.

For each transportation innovation students should:

Identify the innovation
explain how the innovation changed how people were able to move
explain how the innovations changed where people were able to go
(Be sure to be accurate and select innovations of the time period. For example, you will not be discussing automobiles or airplanes).

(3 points)

Answer 1

Here’s a structured outline for answering question #23 regarding three transportation innovations of the early 1800s, along with explanations of how each innovation affected migration patterns in the United States:

Essay Outline

1. Innovation: The Steamboat

   • How it Changed Movement: The invention of the steamboat allowed for faster and more reliable travel along rivers. Unlike traditional sailboats, steamboats could travel upstream against the current, significantly reducing travel time for goods and passengers.
   • How it Changed Destination: Steamboats opened up new regions for settlement and trade. They facilitated the migration to the Midwest by enabling settlers to travel deeper inland from coastal ports, leading to increased settlement in areas such as Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois.

2. Innovation: The Railroad

   • How it Changed Movement: The expansion of railroads provided a new mode of transportation that was faster than horse-drawn carriages and more efficient than wagon trains. It allowed for the mass movement of people and goods over long distances in a shorter amount of time.
   • How it Changed Destination: Railroads made remote areas more accessible, hastening westward expansion. Cities and towns began to sprout along railroad lines, encouraging migration to regions that were previously difficult to reach, such as California during the Gold Rush.

3. Innovation: The Erie Canal

   • How it Changed Movement: Completed in 1825, the Erie Canal linked the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean via the Hudson River, making it much cheaper and easier to transport goods. It allowed for the movement of larger cargo and facilitated trade between the interior of the country and the East Coast.
   • How it Changed Destination: The canal spurred settlement and economic development in New York and the Midwest. As cities like Buffalo and Syracuse grew due to canal traffic, they became key hubs for migrants heading westward, where they sought land and opportunities.

Conclusion

In summary, the steamboat, railroad, and Erie Canal were pivotal innovations in the early 1800s that transformed how people moved across the United States. Each innovation not only enhanced travel efficiency but also directly contributed to the patterns of migration, opening new territories for settlement and economic development. These changes played a crucial role in shaping the expansion of the United States during this period.